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How to Use SPSS Exact Tests 22 for Data Analysis
SPSS is a software package that allows you to perform statistical analysis on various types of data. One of the features of SPSS is the Exact Tests module, which enables you to conduct tests that are more accurate and reliable than the standard tests based on asymptotic theory. In this article, we will show you how to download and use the Exact Tests module for SPSS 22, and provide some examples of the tests that you can perform with it.
Downloading and Installing the Exact Tests Module
To use the Exact Tests module, you need to have SPSS 22 installed on your computer. If you do not have SPSS 22, you can download it from the official website of IBM[^1^]. You also need to purchase a license for the Exact Tests module, which you can do from the same website. Once you have the license, you can download and install the Exact Tests module following these steps:
Open SPSS 22 and go to Help > Check for Updates.
Select the Exact Tests module from the list of available updates and click Download.
Follow the instructions on the screen to complete the installation.
Restart SPSS 22 and go to Analyze > Exact Tests to access the module.
Using the Exact Tests Module
The Exact Tests module allows you to perform various tests that are suitable for small or sparse data sets, or data sets that do not meet the assumptions of parametric tests. Some of the tests that you can perform with the Exact Tests module are:
Barnard's test: a one-sided alternative to Fisher's exact test for 2x2 contingency tables.
Cochran's Q test: a test for comparing three or more matched groups on a binary outcome.
Kolmogorov-Smirnov test: a test for comparing two continuous distributions.
Mann-Whitney test: a test for comparing two independent groups on a continuous or ordinal outcome.
Wilcoxon signed-rank test: a test for comparing two matched groups on a continuous or ordinal outcome.
To use any of these tests, you need to follow these steps:
Select Analyze > Exact Tests from the menu bar.
Select the test that you want to perform from the list of available tests.
Select the variables that you want to include in the test from the variable list.
Specify any options or parameters that you want to apply to the test.
Click OK to run the test and view the results in the output window.
Example: Barnard's Test
To illustrate how to use the Exact Tests module, we will use an example data set that contains information about 39 patients who underwent surgery for appendicitis[^2^]. The data set has two variables: Treatment (A or B) and Outcome (Success or Failure). We want to test whether there is a difference in the success rate between treatment A and treatment B using Barnard's test. To do this, we follow these steps:
Select Analyze > Exact Tests > Barnard's Test from the menu bar.
Select Treatment as the row variable and Outcome as the column variable.
Click OK to run the test and view the results in the output window.
The output window shows us the following results:
TreatmentOutcomeTotal
ASuccess12
AFailure3
BSuccess15
BFailure9
Total39
Barnard's Test Results
p-value (one-sided) 061ffe29dd